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人工知能(AI)技術の急速な発展、とりわけ生成AIや自律的探索アルゴリズムの高度化は、人間の創作活動を奨励することを目的として構築されてきた近代特許制度の根幹に構造的な問いを突きつけている。日本においては、2026年6月16日に開催された産業構造審議会知的財産分科会特許制度小委員会(第56回)において、AIが自律的に創出した発明(AI自律発明)の保護要否、AIを活用してなされた発明(AI利用発明)の発明者認定、およびAI生成情報の引用発明(先行技術)適格性という3つの主要論点が提示された。この議論の過程で、製薬企業からAI自律発明も特許法で保護すべきであるとの積極的な意見が示され、日本製薬工業協会(製薬協)からも審査基準等の国際調和を求める要望が表明されている。一方で、国内の他産業や法曹・実務界、さらには欧米やアジア等の主要国に目を向けると、産業構造や研究開発プロセスの違いに起因する明確な温度差と、従来の自然人中心の法理を維持しつつ実務的解決を図ろうとする国際的な収斂の動きが交錯している。 生成AIに、AIが自律的に創出した発明(AI自律発明)の保護に関して深掘りさせました。 なお、生成AIによる調査・分析結果は、公開された情報だけに基づくものであり、必ずしも実情を示したものではなく、誤った情報を含む可能性があることにご留意のうえ、ご参照ください。 Protection of Inventions Autonomously Generated by AI The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, particularly the increasing sophistication of generative AI and autonomous search algorithms, is raising fundamental questions about the foundations of the modern patent system, which was designed to encourage human creative activity. In Japan, three key issues were presented at the 56th meeting of the Patent System Subcommittee of the Intellectual Property Committee under the Industrial Structure Council, held on June 16, 2026: whether inventions autonomously generated by AI should be protected; how inventorship should be determined for inventions made using AI (AI-assisted inventions); and whether AI-generated information qualifies as prior art. During these discussions, pharmaceutical companies expressed strong support for protecting inventions autonomously generated by AI under patent law. The Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association (JPMA) also called for international harmonization of examination guidelines and related standards. Meanwhile, across other industries and the legal and patent-practice communities in Japan, as well as major jurisdictions in Europe, the United States, Asia, and elsewhere, marked differences in attitudes stemming from differences in industrial structures and research and development processes coexist with a movement toward international convergence on practical solutions that preserve traditional legal principles centered on natural persons. I asked generative AI to conduct an in-depth examination of the protection of inventions autonomously generated by AI. Please note that the research and analysis produced by generative AI are based solely on publicly available information, do not necessarily reflect actual circumstances, and may contain inaccuracies. Please bear these limitations in mind when reviewing the findings. Your browser does not support viewing this document. Click here to download the document. Your browser does not support viewing this document. Click here to download the document. Your browser does not support viewing this document. Click here to download the document. Your browser does not support viewing this document. Click here to download the document. Your browser does not support viewing this document. Click here to download the document. Your browser does not support viewing this document. Click here to download the document. Your browser does not support viewing this document. Click here to download the document. Your browser does not support viewing this document. Click here to download the document. Your browser does not support viewing this document. Click here to download the document. Your browser does not support viewing this document. Click here to download the document. Your browser does not support viewing this document. Click here to download the document. Your browser does not support viewing this document. Click here to download the document.
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著者萬秀憲 アーカイブ
April 2026
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