生成AI技術の発達を踏まえた意匠制度

産業構造審議会知的財産分科会 第16回意匠制度小委員会（令和6年12月6日）で配布された資料「意匠制度に関する検討課題について」が公開されています。
DX時代にふさわしい産業財産権制度構築の必要性を背景に、特に仮想空間におけるデザインと生成AI技術の発達という2つの観点から、意匠制度の在り方について検討すべき課題がまとめられています。
生成AI技術の発達を踏まえた意匠制度上の適切な対応の項では、生成AI技術の発達により、テキストや画像を入力することで短時間で大量のデザインを生成・公開することが可能となったことから、第三者が生成AIを利用して既存デザインに基づいたデザインを大量に生成・公開することで、既存デザインの創作者の新デザインの意匠登録出願において新規性喪失の問題が生じる可能性がある問題について、特許庁政策推進懇談会では、新規性喪失の例外制度及び関連意匠制度の見直し等が検討され、令和6年度には、特許庁において生成AIと意匠法に関する調査研究が実施されています。
生成AIと意匠法に関しては、意匠該当性、創作者、引例適格性、新規性喪失の例外、創作非容易性等の論点について、意匠制度見直しの必要性や制度的措置の方向性について具体的な議論を進めていく予定であることが示されています。
 
 
第16回意匠制度小委員会議事次第・配布資料一覧
https://www.jpo.go.jp/resources/shingikai/sangyo-kouzou/shousai/isho_shoi/16-shiryou.html
 
意匠制度に関する検討課題について
https://www.jpo.go.jp/resources/shingikai/sangyo-kouzou/shousai/isho_shoi/document/16-shiryou/03.pdf
 
 
Design System in Light of the Development of Generative AI Technology
 
The document “Issues for Consideration Regarding the Design System” distributed at the 16th Design System Subcommittee of the Industrial Structure Council Intellectual Property Subcommittee (December 6, 2024) has been made public.
Against the backdrop of the necessity to construct an industrial property rights system appropriate for the DX era, the issues that should be examined regarding the future of the design system are summarized from two perspectives: designs in virtual space and the development of generative AI technology.
In the section on appropriate responses in the design system in light of the development of generative AI technology, it is noted that the development of generative AI technology has made it possible to generate and publish a large number of designs in a short time by inputting text and images, and that there is a possibility that a third party could use generative AI to generate and publish a large number of designs based on existing designs, thereby causing the creator of the existing design to lose the novelty of their new design when applying for design registration. With regard to the issue of the possibility of a loss of novelty arising in the design registration application for new designs by the creator of an existing design, the Patent Office Policy Promotion Council has been reviewing the exception to loss of novelty system and the related design system, and in 2024 the Patent Office conducted a study on generative AI and the Design Act.
With regard to generative AI and the design law, it has been indicated that specific discussions will be held on the necessity for reviewing the design system and the direction of systemic measures, with regard to issues such as design applicability, creator, eligibility of prior examples, exceptions to loss of novelty, and non-obviousness of creation.

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