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かゆみ改善薬に関する用途特許侵害

30/6/2025

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かゆみ改善薬に関する特許(用途特許)を侵害したとして、東レが後発薬メーカー2社に損害賠償を求めた訴訟で、知財高裁(清水響裁判長)は2025年5月27日、沢井製薬と扶桑薬品工業に計217億円の支払い(医薬品特許訴訟では過去最高額)を命じましたが、扶桑薬品工業は6月6日、沢井製薬は6月9日、「判例と矛盾」として最高裁に上告しています。
訴訟の焦点は、有効成分「ナルフラフィン」の用途特許に対し、両社が塩酸塩型の後発薬を販売した点で、地裁は「異なる物質」として東レの請求を棄却しましたが、知財高裁は「体内で同じ成分として作用する」として侵害を認定しました。
厚労省の承認制度では特許延長前の販売が可能で、特許判断と行政の乖離も浮き彫りになり、高額賠償が後発薬開発の萎縮を招く恐れもあり、制度見直しが急務となっているようです。
Gemini(Google), ChatGPT(OpenAI), Perplexity, Felo AIによる調査結果を添付しています。生成AIによる調査・分析結果は、公開された情報からだけの分析であり、必ずしも実情を示したものではないこと、誤った情報も含まれていることについてはご留意されたうえで、ご参照ください。
 
後発薬企業に賠償リスク
東レ特許訴訟、過去最高額命じる 厚労省の承認過程 課題
2025年6月30日
https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGKKZO89689360Z20C25A6TCJ000/
 
東レ特許訴訟、後発薬メーカーに衝撃 217億円の賠償判決
https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXZQOTG056JR0V00C25A6000000/
 
 
Infringement of a Use Patent for Itch-Relief Medication
In a lawsuit filed by Toray Industries seeking damages for the infringement of a use patent related to an itch-relief drug, the Intellectual Property High Court (Chief Judge: Hibiki Shimizu) on May 27, 2025, ordered Sawai Pharmaceutical and Fusō Pharmaceutical Industries to pay a total of 21.7 billion yen—the largest amount ever awarded in a pharmaceutical patent case in Japan. However, Fusō Pharmaceutical appealed to the Supreme Court on June 6, and Sawai Pharmaceutical followed on June 9, claiming the decision contradicts existing precedents.
The core issue in the case was whether the two companies' generic versions, which used the hydrochloride form of the active ingredient "Nalfurafine," infringed Toray's use patent. The district court dismissed Toray's claim, ruling the substances were different. However, the IP High Court found infringement, reasoning that the compound acts as the same substance within the human body.
Under the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare's approval system, sales before patent extension are permitted, highlighting a discrepancy between patent rulings and administrative procedures. This case raises concerns that such high damages could discourage the development of generic drugs, making a review of the system increasingly urgent.
The results of investigations conducted using generative AI tools such as Gemini (Google), ChatGPT (OpenAI), Perplexity, and Felo AI are attached.
Please note that these analyses by generative AI are based solely on publicly available information and may not necessarily reflect actual conditions. They may also contain incorrect information, so we kindly ask you to keep that in mind when reviewing the findings.
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